<div style="text-align: justify; "><b style="font-size: 1rem;">G7 allies kicked off two days of "difficult" climate talks in northern Japan on Saturday, facing pressure to show progress on key fossil fuel commitments in an example to other major economies including China.</b><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Campaigners have warned climate and environment ministers from the group of developed countries against backsliding on pledges on the shift away from coal and gas at home and abroad.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">But a leaked third draft of a statement to be issued at the meeting in Sapporo has relieved some experts, who had feared a more ringing endorsement of the need for overseas gas investments as proposed by Japan.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">"All in, given low expectations, it now seems a better outcome than many expected," said Ed King from the climate-oriented communications firm GSCC.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The ministers want to show unity after a major UN climate report warned last month that 1.5 degrees Celsius of global warming would be seen in about a decade. It called for "rapid and far-reaching" action to keep increases within relatively safe limits.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">However, as as the energy crisis sparked by the Ukraine war squeezes G7 countries, including this year's president Japan, divisions have arisen among the group.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">A French government source said their minister was trying to "avoid or put a stop to any form of reversal on fossil fuel" commitments, while describing "difficult" discussions among the bloc.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The draft statement calls on nations to take action "in this critical decade", urging a peak in global greenhouse emissions by 2025 at the latest.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Experts say this language is aimed at China, the world's largest carbon emitter, which is targeting a peak in its carbon emissions by 2030.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The draft also stresses the "urgency" of slashing global emissions by 60 percent by 2035 from 2019 levels, as recommended by the UN's IPCC panel of climate experts.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- Coal and gas promises -</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Other phrasing has been more contentious, with the final statement sure to be closely scrutinised for signs of the direction of talks at the G20 in New Delhi and the COP28 climate meeting in Dubai later this year.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Ministers pledged at the last G7 climate ministerial in Germany in May 2022 to largely end fossil fuel use in their electricity sectors by 2035.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">They also agreed to stop new direct public support the same year for overseas fossil fuel projects that take no steps to offset carbon dioxide emissions.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">But this was watered down a month later when G7 leaders said the "exceptional circumstances" of Russia's war in Ukraine made gas investments "appropriate as a temporary response".</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Japan has sought language that would solidify that exception, and trade minister Yasutoshi Nishimura has said a one-size-fits-all approach is inappropriate.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">"It's necessary to work towards the common goal of net zero by taking various approaches according to the circumstances of each country," he said at the event's opening speech on Saturday.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The latest draft of the G7 climate statement, seen by AFP, recognises "the primary need to accelerate the clean energy transition through energy savings and gas demand reduction".</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">And on coal -- another hotly debated topic -- the United States has proposed wording that acknowledges the need to "call on international partners to end new unabated coal power generation projects globally".</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Canada's environment and climate change minister Steven Guilbeault told AFP that "in terms of phasing out fossil fuel from the electricity sector... we would be, as Canada, very comfortable with having strong language on that".</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The draft also includes recognition of nuclear power's potential to reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and supports the International Atomic Energy Agency's review of Japan's plan to start releasing treated water from its devastated Fukushima plant into the sea.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Japan had sought G7 recognition for its controversial strategy of burning hydrogen and ammonia alongside fossil fuels to reduce carbon emissions -- which climate activists say only serves to extend the lifespan of polluting plants.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">But the draft statement simply notes that "some countries are exploring" the potential of the two fuels in the journey to net-zero emissions.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">And it says this should be "aligned with a 1.5oC pathway and our collective goal for a fully or predominantly decarbonised power sector by 2035". AFP</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify; ">bnbd24/kh</div>