<div style="text-align: justify; ">&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 1rem;">A booster dose of a new malariya vaccine maintains a high level of protection against the disease, researchers said Thursday, expressing hopes the cheap jab could be produced on a massive scale in a matter of years.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The international research team suggested the vaccine, developed by Britain's Oxford University, could represent a turning point in the fight against the mosquito-borne parasitic disease, which killed 627,000 people -- mostly African children -- in 2020 alone.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Last year a different vaccine produced by British pharmaceutical giant GSK became the first to be recommended for widespread use against malaria by the World Health Organization, and has now been administered to more than a million children in Africa.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">However research has found that the effectiveness of GSK's vaccine is around 60 percent, and significantly wanes over time even with a booster dose.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Oxford's R21/Matrix-M vaccine meanwhile was found to be 77 percent effective at preventing malaria in research published last year -- the first time the WHO's roadmap goal of 75 percent had been met.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">For the research, 450 children aged five to 17 months in Burkina Faso -- where malaria accounts for around 22 percent of all deaths -- were given three doses in 2019.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">They were split into three groups, two receiving different doses of the Matrix-M adjuvant, a vaccine ingredient patented by Novavax also used in the US biotech firm's Covid jab. The third control group received a rabies vaccine.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Ahead of the 2020 rainy season -- when malaria cases surge -- 409 children returned to get a booster shot.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">For the group that received the higher dose of adjuvant, the booster rose the protection level to 80 percent, according to the results of a phase 2b trial published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases journal on Thursday. The lower dose had 70 percent efficacy.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">And crucially, the booster returned antibody levels to a similar level seen after the first round of doses, the study said.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The study's lead investigator Halidou Tinto of the Burkina Faso health research institute IRSS said, "It is fantastic to see such high efficacy again after a single booster dose."</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Tinto, who was involved in trialling both malaria vaccines, said GSK's vaccine had an optimal efficacy of around 60 percent. "So I can confirm that R21 is doing much better," he told a press conference.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Oxford vaccinologist and study co-author Adrian Hill said the vaccine meant "We really could be looking at a very substantial reduction in that horrendous burden of malaria, deaths and disease in the coming years, certainly by 2030."</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">A 70 percent reduction in deaths from malaria could be feasible in that time, he said, partly because of the vast number of vaccine doses that could be quickly produced.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Oxford has partnered with the world's largest vaccine manufacturer, the Serum Institute of India.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The institute is "willing and able to manufacture 200 million doses a year starting next year," Hill said.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The six to 10 million doses that GSK can produce a year is "not enough for 40 million children who need four doses in the first year," Hill added.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">And the Oxford vaccine would likely cost a few US dollars a dose, less than half the $9 for GSK's version, he said.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The challenge of getting those doses into arms would require more funding, he added.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Results from a phase three trial involving 4,800 participants across four countries are expected later this year, which could potentially lead to approval.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Azra Ghani, an epidemiologist at Imperial College London not involved in the research, welcomed the results, saying it was "particularly encouraging" the booster dose restored protective antibodies.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Gareth Jenkins of the charity Malaria No More UK said the results were "another encouraging signal that, with the right support, the world could end child deaths from malaria in our lifetimes".</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Jenkins said in a statement that new British Prime Minister Liz Truss' "first foreign policy test" was to ensure continued funding at the replenishment conference for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria being held in the US this month. Source: AFF</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br></div><div style="text-align: justify; ">bnbd24/kh&nbsp;</div>